The industrial transition has reached a decisive phase. From renewables to carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS), technologies to decarbonise heavy industries—including cement, aviation, shipping and steel—have been proved to work. But scaling them cost-effectively and at speed remains a challenge. The session will explore how bankable projects, shared infrastructure and aligned policy can enable countries in the Middle East to make progress towards hard-to-abate sectors while maintaining competitiveness, energy security and growth. How can organisations move from innovation to execution amid rising costs and infrastructure gaps?